SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: PERAN PENGEMBANGAN   E-MODUL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

Ni Nyoman Serma Adi; I Gde Wawan Sudatha; Made Hery Santosa; I Kadek Suartama

doi:10.46444/suluh-pendidikan.v24i1.1091

SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: PERAN PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

Ni Nyoman Serma Adi (IKIP Saraswati)

I Gde Wawan Sudatha (Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha)

Made Hery Santosa (Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha)

I Kadek Suartama (Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha)

DOI: 10.46444/suluh-pendidikan.v24i1.1091 Published: 12 June 2026

Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026): SULUH PENDIDIKAN : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pendidikan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara sistematis peran pengembangan e-modul dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada prosedur seleksi literatur yang sistematis melalui database jurnal bereputasi. Sebanyak 18 artikel yang terindeks Scopus dianalisis berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa e-modul memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, yang ditunjukkan melalui peningkatan pada aspek analisis, evaluasi, argumentasi, dan pemecahan masalah. Efektivitas e-modul sangat dipengaruhi oleh desain pedagogis yang digunakan, seperti integrasi Problem-Based Learning (PBL), pendekatan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), STEM, serta konteks pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal. Selain itu, perkembangan terbaru menunjukkan bahwa e-modul semakin terintegrasi dengan teknologi digital seperti Augmented Reality (AR), Internet of Things (IoT), dan multimedia interaktif yang mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan dan pengalaman belajar peserta didik. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat beberapa keterbatasan, seperti kurangnya pengembangan model integratif yang menggabungkan aspek pedagogi, teknologi, dan konteks lokal secara simultan, serta minimnya penelitian longitudinal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengembangkan e-modul berbasis pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif dan berkelanjutan guna mendukung penguatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran abad ke-21

Aliyah, S., & Widiyatmoko, A. (2022). Entrepreneurship-based biotechnology e module development to improve critical and creative thinking skills. Journal of Science Education, 6(2), 123–134. Alim, J. A., Hermita, N., Putra, Z. H., & Oktaviani, C. (2025). Development of a STEM-based e-module using the MIKIR model on energy sources material to enhance students' critical thinking skills. Journal of Science Learning, 9(1), 45–58. Astalini, A., Darmaji, D., Kurniawan, D. A., & Octavia, S. W. (2024). Assembler Edu e-modules: Improving skills, argumentation perseverance, and curiosity in physics learning. International Journal of Instruction, 17(1), 233–248. Asibuan, Y. R., & Sugiharti, G. (2025). Pengembangan e-modul berbasis socio scientific issues. Panthera: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Sains. https://e journal.lp3kamandanu.com/index.php/pant hera/article/view/601 Dermawan, A., Huda, Y., Hendriyani, Y., Giatman, M., Ifdil, I., & Lofandri, W. (2025). Experimental evaluation of cloud integrated IoT training modules for advancing 21st-century skills in higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 30(2), 567–582. Dermawan, D. D., Wuryandani, W., Herwin, H., & Eliza, F. (2025). Improving critical thinking ability in elementary schools with interactive e-modules. Journal Educational Research, 18(3), 201–215. of Fitriani, F., et al. (2021). The effectiveness of e-module in improving students’ critical thinking skills. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(3), 345–356. Hamidah, M., Mustakim, S. S., Razali, F., Ghazali, N., & Minghat, A. D. (2024). Effectiveness of digital learning on students' higher order thinking skills. Education Sciences, 14(2), 112–125. Mahmudah, S., Kirana, T., & Rahayu, Y. S. (2022). Profile of students' critical thinking ability: Implementation of e-module based on PBL. International Journal of Recent Educational Research. https://journal.ia education.com/index.php/ijorer/article/vie w/231 McNamara, J., Sweetman, S., Connors, P., Lofgren, I. E., & Greene, G. (2019). Using interactive nutrition modules to increase critical thinking skills in college courses. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 51(3), 343–350. Nirfayanti, N., Setyawan, D., & Djafar, S. (2026). Development of AR-integrated inductive thinking-based teaching modules to improve mathematical critical thinking generalisation and skills. International Journal of STEM Education, 13(1), 1–15. Nuha, U., et al. (2024). Development of e module based on three-dimensional thinking graph. RaDEn. https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/raden /article/view/35894 Pitorini, D. E., Suciati, S., & Harlita, H. (2024). Students' critical thinking skills using an e-module based on problem-based learning combined with Socratic dialogue. Journal of Education Research, 12(2), 89 102. Putri, M. Y. W., et al. (2024). Desain modul berbasis critical Pendidikan thinking. Jurnal Matematika. https://ejournal.papanda.org/index.php/jp/a rticle/view/2709 Rahmawati, D., et al. (2022). Interactive e module development for enhancing higher order thinking skills. International Journal of Instruction, 15(2), 123–138. Riduan, M., et al. (2021). Pengembangan e modul berbasis scientific critical thinking. Journal of Chemistry and Education. https://jtam.ulm.ac.id/index.php/jcae/articl e/view/1196 Saenab, S., et al. (2024). E-module berbasis kearifan lokal. Jurnal IPA Terpadu. https://journal.unm.ac.id/index.php/JIT/arti cle/view/9703 Sari, W. R., et al. (2025). Pengembangan e modul berbasis PjBL-STEM. Jurnal Biotek. https://arsip-journal.uin alauddin.ac.id/index.php/biotek/article/vie w/59505 Schmidt, C. M., Sarvary, M. A., St. Juliana, J. R., & Specht, C. D. (2026). From implicit to explicit: Overcoming common barriers to teaching critical thinking through an innovative online module. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 25(1), 1–12. Setiadi, M. I., et al. (2025). Problem-based e module for enhancing critical thinking. Sekolah Dasar. https://journal fip.um.ac.id/index.php/sd/article/view/231 7 Sujanem, R., & Suwindra, I. N. P. (2023). Problem-based interactive physics e module in physics learning through blended PBL to enhance students' critical thinking skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2468, 012034. Syahfitri, J., & Muntahanah, M. (2024). The effectiveness of local wisdom-based interactive digital module on students’ critical thinking disposition. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 13(4), 2171–2178. Wahyudi, A. B. E., Salimi, M., Hidayah, R., Suhartono, S., Wahyono, W., Maigina, A., Mahfuzah, A., & Karsono, K. (2025). E module based on local wisdom to strengthen cultural literacy and critical thinking. Journal of Social Science Education, 14(1), 55–68. Wahyuni, S., et al. (2020). Development of PBL-based e-module to improve critical thinking skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1467, 012045. Yani, N. L. S., & Putra, A. K. (2023). E modul berbasis STEM. Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi dan Edukasi Teknik. https://journal3.um.ac.id/index.php/ft/articl e/view/5215 Yani, N. L. S., et al. (2024). STEM-based e modules to improve critical thinking. Thinking Skills and Creativity Journal. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/T SCJ/article/view/73518 Yulianti, D., & Herpratiwi, H. (2024). Development of a science, environment, technology, and society-based learning module to foster critical thinking in elementary students. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(4), 1372 1384. Zufahmi, Z., Rohman, F., Listyorini, D., & Sari, M. S. (2025). The effectiveness of augmented reality-assisted e-module in improving students’ digital literacy in high school biology learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 34(2), 210 225.